Hindutva:
Threat to Harvard?
N.S.
Rajaram
http://www.organiser.org/29oct2000/agenda.html
Some Western
Indologists and Indian ‘secularists’ are resorting to desperate tactics to
save their discipline from collapsing. This is compounded by the bigger problem
of the decline of humanities in the West.
Is Hindutva posing a threat to Harvard? It is, if we go by the hysterical tone of a
recent article in Frontline (where else?) written by Harvard Indologist Michael
Witzel and an independent writer Steve Farmer. (See
“Horseplay in Harappa”, Frontline, October 13, 2000.) According to them, the
book The Deciphered Indus Script by N. Jha and N.S. Rajaram (Aditya Prakashan,
Delhi) is not really about the decipherment at all; it is ‘Hindutva
propaganda’ meant to dislodge 150 years of painstaking research by scholars
like Witzel. How did we do it? By distorting a seal containing the image of a
bull to make it look like a horse? But why bother with one unimportant seal when
we give a complete methodology and one hundred tables of deciphered readings
covering over fifteen hundred Harappan seals? To shield the likes of Witzel and
other supporters of the ‘Aryan Invasion’ who have always told us that
‘non-Vedic’ Harappans did not know the horse which was brought into India by
the invading Aryans.
So the horse on
the seal must be a fake! This charge is the sum and substance of their
‘refutation’ of our decipherment. No matter that the photo of the seal in
question—actually they give two—makes it clear that our identification is
probably correct (see photo). But that is beside the point, for our book is
about the Indus script, not any horse. In a book of nearly 300 pages, we devote
less than one footnote to the issue to which Witzel and his associate devote ten
pages of small print. And this is endorsed by Romila Thapar (who else?):
“History as projected by Hindutva idealogues, which is being introduced to
children through textbooks... precludes an open discussion of evidence and
interpretation. Nor does it bear any trace of the new methods of historical
analyses... Such history is dismissed by the Hindutva ideologues as Western,
imperialist, Marxist or whatever... The article by Witzel and Farmer is a
serious critique of the claims that have been made by Rajaram and Jha about the
Aryan identity of the Indus civilization and the decipherment of the Harappan
script.” So this is their real concern— The Aryan (Vedic) identity of the
Indus civilization. The rest is diversion. The real agenda is clear: protect
their discredited Aryan invasion/migration version and the non-Indian origin of
the Vedic civilization by labelling opponents as ‘Hindutva propagandists’.
But there is
more, for what is at stake is the survival of Western Indology itself, with its
roots in European colonialism and Christian missionary propaganda. It was
Indologist W.W. Hunter who said : “Scholarship is warmed with the holy flame
of Christian zeal.” And Bishop Caldwell, who created the Aryan-Dravidian
theory, admitted that his linguistic theories were of “vast political and
moral importance”— meaning they served British colonial and Christian
missionary interests. Men like Witzel are successors to these
colonial-missionary scholars, while Indians like Thapar and her tribe are their
camp followers. Our book exposes this. So their tactic is to discredit the book
by attacking us personally. This is exactly what the ‘secularists’ did to
the distinguished archaeologist B.B. Lal when he exposed their lies at Ayodhya.
The more things
change, the more they remain the same. The ‘White Man's Burden’ Anyone
reading the Frontline article will naturally wonder—why a prominent Western
academic like Witzel should devote so much time and effort to attack two
relatively unknown persons like this writer and Natwar Jha, especially when
Witzel himself dismisses me as one whose academic career in America was
undistinguished and Jha as a “provincial religious teacher”. Nor are we his
only targets. He had earlier denounced Shrikant Talageri's important work as of
“political motivation... (and) devoid of scholarly value”. What is
interesting here is that Witzel had not even seen Talageri's book much less read
it. (He had earlier dismissed our decipherment also without reading our book.)
So why now this long article attacking us? According to Witzel it is to save
India and her scholarship : “Hindutva propagandists like Rajaram do not belong
to the realm of legitimate historical scholarship... they falsify history to
bolster national pride.” What concern is it of this German-American duo? “We
fear for India and for objective scholarship.” So Witzel and Farmer have to
save India and Indians from being corrupted by devilish ‘natives’ and
‘heathens’ like Rajaram, Jha and Talageri! This is pure colonial-missionary
conceit that revives the White Man's Burden. No one can believe such
sanctimonious nonsense. Surely, there must be other reasons. One is probably
emotional. Witzel is a German Romantic. His heroes still are nineteenth century
German Indologists like Bothlingk and especially Oldenberg. So it is natural
that he should be attached to nineteenth century German ideas like the “Aryan
nation” and the “Aryan invasion”. But there is a more serious concern:
fear of survival in the face of “downsizing the humanities” at American
universities.
The collapse of
the Aryan invasion model of history, which our work records, and which is
receiving wide notice, could not have come at a worse time for the likes of
Witzel. This is what we need to understand. Downsizing the humanities American
universities operate much like businesses. Programmes that are unproductive are
ruthlessly cut. Due to uncontrolled expansion for over three decades, most
universities have too many humanities professors (like Witzel) while there is
severe shortage in fields like computer science and business.
Also, many
humanities programmes have reached absurd limits, consuming money that could be
put to better use. To take just one example, The University of Illinois at
Chicago, supports one Professor Stanley Fish to the tune of $230,000 of
taxpayers' money a year for his research in “para-proletariat studies” that
according to him will study “body parts, excretory functions, the sex
trade,... bisexuality,... and lesbian pornography, and other things that I do
not care to reproduce here. This is irresponsible to say the least. There is now
an inevitable reaction leading to what is being called “downsizing the
humanities”. Students no longer want to study them and administrators are
looking for ways to cut such programmes.
Harvard is no
exception. This has had the effect of sending humanities scholars scrambling for
funds. For Indology departments, which have particularly low priority in the
humanities, the last thing they can afford is any threat to the status quo
coming from new knowledge. As universities cut budgets, their hope is to find
sponsors in the wealthy NRI community. Although impressed at first by their
academic credentials, NRIs are beginning to see that these Indologists are only
rehashing outdated colonial and even racist ideas as ‘research’. Some NRIs
also feel that these ‘scholars’ are little more than parasites of India and
her civilization but affecting superiority over it. As a result, some NRI
sponsored faculty positions at US universities have been terminated and plans
for new ones are being shelved.
So the
frustration behind the rage is easy to understand. As Shri Shankaracharya said
centuries ago: Udara-nimittam bahu-krita vesham (To fill the stomach, many poses
are assumed). That is what is really at the bottom of this ‘horseplay’—not
any concern for India or her scholarship. That Harvard Indologist Michael Witzel
and an independent writer Steve Farmer have to save India and Indians from being
corrupted by devilish ‘natives’ and ‘heathens’ like N.S. Rajaram, N. Jha
and Shrikant Talageri is pure colonial-missionary conceit that revives the White
Man's Burden. The real agenda of Witzel is clear : Protect the discredited Aryan
invasion/migration version and the non-Indian origin of the Vedic civilization
by labelling opponents as ‘Hindutva propagandists’. But there is more, for
what is at stake is the survival of Western Indology itself, with its roots in
European colonialism and Christian missionary propaganda.
|